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Phyla lanceolata - (image 1 of 4)

Taxonomy

Family: Verbenaceae

Habitat

Muddy borders of fluctuating streams and ponds. Occasional on mudflats.

Associates

Acalypha rhomboidea, Acnida altissima, Alisma subcordatum, Asclepias incarnata, Eragrostis hypnoides, Leersia oryzoides, Ludwigia polycarpa, Lycopus americanus, Mimulus ringens, Penthorum sedoides, Verbena hastata.

Distribution

Ontario to MN and SD, south to FL and Mexico.

Morphology

Creeping, herbaceous perennial to 60 cm. Leaves laceolate to lance-ovate, more than 1 cm wide, acute or acuminate, evenly toothed from below the middle, with at least 10 sharp teeth. Flowers in dense, terminal, solitary, rounded to cylindrical heads or short spikes, on long peduncles from the leaf axils; calyx lobes 2 to 4; corollas 2-lipped; stigmas densely clustered. Fruit a nutlet.

Notes

Flowers early June to late September

Wetland indicator: Obligate

Also called Lippia lanceolata Michx. This specimen was found bordering a backwater pool of a large river.

References

Gleason, Henry A. and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Second Ed.

The New York Botanical Garden. Bronx, NY

Swink, F. and G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region.
Indiana Academy of Science. The Morton Arboretum. Lisle, Illinois.

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